Device for extracting elements from a cavity

ABSTRACT

A device to extract elements contained in a cavity, additional to patent of invention P060105329, and of preferable application to assistance at childbirth and/or extraction of elements seated in cavities of the human body, facilitating the task of medical professionals. Said device is comprised of a bag having one of its ends open, through which it is possible to introduce the element to be extracted, in which, in a first embodiment and on the outer surface of the bag and along all its circumference line, there is at least one air chamber being able to get in contact with the element to be extracted when receiving inner pressure, being said chamber connected to a pressure generating means; and in a second embodiment, an outward fold is defined on said bag, forming an annular cavity at the time it gets in contact with the cavity containing the element to be extracted.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/669,754, filed May 26, 2010, which is a §371 National Stage application of PCT/ES2008/070143 filed Jul. 18, 2008 which claims priority from Argentine application number 20070103245: the entire disclosures of the prior applications are considered part of the disclosure of the accompanying continuation application, and are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

AREA OF APPLICATION

The present invention relates to a device to extract elements contained in a cavity; said device allows to perform the method of extraction described and claimed in patent application No. P060105329 submitted in Argentina on Dec. 1, 2006 and not published up to the date this application is filed.

The proposed device is preferably used to assist at childbirth and/or to extract elements seated in cavities of the human body, facilitating the task of medical professionals.

Along with the uncountable uses of the present invention and that of the method of said patent application No. P060105329, we find this invention applicable in the field of gastroenterology, in cases such as: extraction of rectal foreign bodies, extraction of esophagogastric foreign bodies and extraction of biliary stones; in the field of urology: in cases such as extraction of urinary tract stones, extraction of elements accidentally displaced along with medical instrumental; in the field of vascular surgery: in cases such as clot displacement and/or vascular prosthesis or to revascularize critical organs, and, lastly in the field of otorrinolaringology: in cases such as extraction of foreign bodies impacted in ears or nostrils and for cerumen extraction.

PRIOR ART OF THE INVENTION AND ITS IMPROVEMENTS

In relation to the prior art of this invention and, in particular, in the field of neonatology, reference may be made to the tools and accessories presently used at childbirths, among which the most popular are those called “forceps”, which use has caused irreparable harm in newborns.

The device disclosed by application P060105329 is known to us as able to perform the proposed method and it comprised one, two or more flexible bags or containers, each of them with a handle, that had to be inserted by the medical professional for the extraction, for instance, of a baby.

In examinations conducted with equivalent materials and elements, it was noted that the use of said devices at childbirth gave rise to problems in the insertion of the bags into the uterine cavity, in particular, while trying to surround the fetus. As well, there was a possibility that the health professional may make an incorrect movement during extraction causing injuries to the vagina of the woman in labor.

Those problems were deeply examined and have been solved with the present device, which comprises a bag or flexible container open on one of its ends, and on which outer surface a closed air-containing element or chamber is fixed or defined, the latter being connected to an air injection means, having a traction handle that closes the other end of the bag at the time of its assembly.

It is important to emphasize that for any of the devices used to perform the extraction method stated in patent application No. P060105329, the responsibility for the timely decision to use the device will lie on the health professional, who will assess the specific conditions of every birth or the techniques to be used.

It is expected that the utilization of this device will do away with or reduce the use of forceps or other vacuum generating devices, which pose great risk when used in assistance to delivery.

MAIN OBJECT OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The device of the present invention is initially comprised of a bag with its two ends open, one of them is closed at the traction handle, on which outer surface an air chamber is positioned, and then an outward fold is made on the open bag. Said closed chamber is connected to a cannula or pipe that crosses the bag until reaching the screw-shaped piece that is part of the traction handle of the present extraction device. A disk-shaped piece will allow apart from the fastening of the bag on to the traction handle, that the bag keeps its round section with the same diameter throughout the device, which will facilitate the extraction of the baby's head while coming out of the vagina. A cannula or pipe to feed air to the chamber will run inside the handle previously crossing the conical body, coming out by the handle's end until reaching a presostatic measuring or indicating gauge and an air pump. Said pump will feed air to the chamber up to a desired pressure; it will be possible to release air in case pressure is exceeding or when endangers the outcome of the extraction method. The preferred fastening of the bag will be made between the disk and a conical body, the mentioned screw-shaped piece will tighten one against the other and will screw its threaded end into a pertinent hole made in the inner of the handle.

Said open bag and chamber shall be preferably made of extremely flexible material, film-type of some microns wide, with a highest traction resistance, said material being hypoallergenic and covered with fine lubricating jel.

Said open bag with its external air chamber around itself shall be inserted by the medical professional between the head of the fetus and the uterine cervix, after breaking waters has taken place. To accomplish this, he could use an outward fold to be made on the bag, pushing with a flat spatula-type instrument from inside the line of the fold until placing said bag on the fetus' shoulders. Sometimes, the professional could resort to the ecographic images, by means of which he will see that the mentioned bag reaches the desired position. Said fold shall approximately and preferably be made at the furthest level of the air chamber.

Once the bag is placed at the level of the fetus' shoulders, the chamber will be filled with air by means of a cannula or pipe, which enters the interior of the bag and the traction handle of the device of the present invention, crossing said bag until reaching the mentioned air chamber. Once the chamber is filled with air at the necessary pressure, the only thing to do is to pull on the traction handle of the device so as to extract the baby, and thus a simple delivery is achieved with no traumatism at all.

The end of the bag, opposed to that of the handle, shall be inserted through the cervix of the uterus.

In a preferable embodiment, the air chamber shall comprise of a regulating and compensating valve for the inlet of air or another fluid of very low pressure, which valve shall be calibrated to act as an air outlet valve pursuant to the adjustment selected by the tocogynelogist professional. As part of this system, it shall be possible to use, in an external manner, a presostatic measuring or indicating gauge that will be of help for the assisting professional.

It is important to maintain a controlled inner pressure in the air chamber since the value of said pressure may increase when extracting the flexible element from the interior of the cavity up to values that may complicate the extraction due to the increase of volume that causes this greater generated pressure. Said regulating valve shall be a relief valve for this generated pressure, avoiding that said pressure raises beyond a predetermined value.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In order to better understand the object of this present invention, some schematic figures shall illustrate the invention, in its preferred embodiment, which are included by way of example, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of the device for the extraction of elements of the present invention in a first preferred embodiment;

FIG. 2 allows to see the application of the device of the first embodiment of this invention in the extraction of a baby, preferably;

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the device for the extraction of elements of the present invention in a second preferred embodiment;

FIG. 4 allows to see the application of the device of the second embodiment of this invention in the extraction of a baby, preferably;

In said figures, equal references correspond to identical elements of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In FIG. 1, it is seen that the device in the first preferred embodiment is comprised of a bag 1 with one of its ends (1 a) open, on which outer surface an air chamber is positioned or defined, and then an outward fold 3 is made on the open bag 1. Said closed chamber 2 is connected to a cannula or pipe 4 that crosses the bag 1 until reaching a screw-shaped piece 11 with a pushing disk that is part of the traction handle 5 of the present extraction device. In this figure, piece 11 is seen, as well as the fitting ring 10, in an open position in order to facilitate the understanding of how the closed end 1 b of the bag 1 is fixed to the traction handle.

Said fitting ring 10 (of variable shape and diameter, according to the caracteristics of the delivery) allows not only the fastening of the bag to the traction handle 8 but also that said bag maintains a determined round section, which will facilitate the extraction of the fetus' head at the time it exits the vagina. The mentioned disk may vary in diameter and also may be removed from the device.

The cannula or pipe 4 for feeding air into the chamber 2 shall enter the interior of the handle previously passing the conical body 9, coming out by the end of the handle until reaching a preostatic measuring and indicating gauge 7 and an air pump 6. From said pump 6, air will be supplied into the chamber until a desired pressure; it shall be possible to release air in case pressure is exceeding or when it endangers the successful outcome of the extraction method.

The preferred fastening of the bag 1 shall be made between the fitting ring 10 and the conical body 9, the screw of the screw-shaped piece 11 shall tighten one against the other and shall screw its threaded end into a pertinent hole made in the interior of the handle 8.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the fitting of the device of FIG. 1 in a preferred use of same at a stage of the delivery. Here it is possible to see a woman “a” in whose womb “b” there is her fetus “c”; the bag 1, that is part of the device of the present invention, is fitted taking advantage of the fold 3 of the bag 1, either with the hand or with a thin element that slides between the bag and the external fold, allowing to move the chamber 2 to a position close to the neck of fetus “c”.

Once the device of the present invention is placed, the chamber 2 shall be filled with air, operating the air pump 6 and controlling the pressure by means of the presostatic measuring and indicating gauge 7. Once said chamber is filled, the only thing to be made is to gently pull, in a straight direction, by the traction handle 8, accompanying the woman's pushes and also accompanying the gentle exit of air that was insufflated into the device; hence the extraction of the fetal cephalic pole is obtained.

The greatest volume attained in the external air chamber when extracting the fetus is due to the fact that at the time of the extraction, the fluid contained therein is retained in the section that lies in the interior of the cavity, and therefore, said greater pressure shall better fix the fetus that shall be moved within the bag as if on a conveyor belt.

Said annular chamber having a shape of an inflated ring shall adopt, due to its manufacturing design, a conical shape that allows to properly position the fetus' head.

In summary and to clearly understand the way to use the device described in the preceding paragraphs, the steps to be performed are mentioned as follows:

-   -   Insertion of bag 1 into the uterus until the air chamber makes         contact with the fetus' shoulders.

At this stage, the woman in labor shall be in a normal delivery position.

-   -   Entrance of air or another fluid at very low pressure into the         air chamber 3 by means of the air pump 6.

At this stage, the assisting professional shall proceed to insufflate air through the valves until noting, aided by an ecographer, if necessary, the distribution of the air chamber among the spaces and intertices of the fetal head and the mother's uterus. The reading of the presostatic measuring gauges shall assure the control of internal pressures, which shall never be higher than those pressures generated in the uterine wall.

-   -   Traction exerted by the obstetrician accompanied by the pushes         of labor.

The physician shall proceed to collaborate with the woman in labor, accompanying the contractions and pushes with the synchronized traction of the handle that holds the closed end of the bag. The fetus shall slip within the bag as moved by a conveyor belt. Valves which at first were used for the entrance of insufflated air, shall now work to compensate pressure; it will be possible to expel part of the air and maintain the necessary pressure to assist the “virtual push” caused by the traction made by the professional from the chambers or probes.

In the second preferred embodiment of the device, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the round air chamber of the first embodiment is no longer incorporated. Said air chamber shall be formed in the round inner cavity “d” of fold 3 of bag 1, at the time the outer surface of the bag's end makes contact with the outer surface of the same bag 1. This nearness of surfaces shall be forced when passing through the uterus cervix and by the inner walls of the vagina. The air accummulated in said round cavity “d” shall act as part of a clamp that moves in all directions (a 360° revolving clamp).

FIG. 4 shows the “conveyor belt” phenomenum.

Bag 1, in any of the preferred embodiments of this invention, has, at the area where it will contact “e” the cavity walls (or vagina walls in case of childbirth), a sufficient and necessary rugosity so as to provide a fixed fastening surface. The inner face of bag 1 is designed without rugosity: it is smooth and treated with liquid or jel to support the slipping function of the virtual “conveyor belt”.

When pulling from the traction handle 8, the rugose surface “d” shall get adhered or attached to the face contacting the tunnel or cavity that contains the element, the round cavity “d” shall act as an “air fastening clamp”, able to move in all directions, and shall displace the object to be extracted as if on a “conveyor belt” between the inner faces of the bag 1 (movement of arrows “f”)

This so-called “conveyor belt”, which in its inner part holds the object to be extracted, protects against friction in the oulet channel and facilitates the extraction of the object since the rubbing of the conveyor belt takes place between the walls of the device.

The “air fastening clamp” is made with the natural air chamber (round inner cavity “d” formed adjacently to the fold) which is created during the placement of the device. As well, this “air fastening clamp” facilitates the dilation of the outlet channel.

Alternatively and pursuant to the professional's option, one of the two preferred embodiments may be used, that is: with external air chamber 2, chamber 2 that will be connected to an external pressure generating means; without external air chamber 2 and with an external pressure generating means; and finally, without any external air chamber 2 and without any external pressure generating means.

The device of the present invention in its two preferred embodiments shall allow to accompany the birth of the fetus, holding same with a round air chamber, with no risk at all for the child or the mother. In particular, it shall be of great help for the woman in labor so that, during a long expulsion stage, the obstetrician may provide assistance during the extraction of the fetus without using any rigid mechanical tools that may harm any of the parties.

On a separate note and with the corresponding technological sufficiency, this novel system can find other applications in many fields of the industry, to wit: pipes of big diameter such as gas pipes, oil ducts or poly ducts, or of medium or small diameter, such as water, gas, telephone and power supply nets.

It is undoubtly understood that when the present invention is put into practice, changes to certain manufacturing details and shape, may be made, without departing from the main principles which are clearly stated in the following claims. 

1. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY wherein said device comprises a bag with one of its ends open, through which it is possible to introduce the element to be extracted.
 2. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 1 wherein the device has on the outer surface of the bag and along all its circumference at least one air chamber being able to make contact with the element to be extracted when receiving inner pressure, being said chamber connected to a pressure generating means.
 3. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 1 wherein on said bag an outward fold is defined, forming an annular cavity at the time it makes contact with the cavity that contains the element to be extracted.
 4. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 3 wherein the annular cavity formed from the interior of the fold is connected to a pressure generating means.
 5. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 1 wherein at the closed end of said bag there is a manual grasping handle so as to facilitate the movement to extract said device.
 6. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 1 wherein said A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 1 wherein said traction handle is comprised of: a hollow handle with means for receiving a threaded rod; a hollow conical body attached to said hollow handle by means of a butterfly; a threaded rod with a perpendicular pushing disk, opposite to the handle which is threaded to said means for receiving a threaded rod, being said threaded rod hollow; and a fitting ring with an external diameter that tightly fits in the closed end of the bag and the internal diameter fits abutting said pushing disk, being the latter capable of transmitting the traction from the traction handle to the bag.
 7. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 2 wherein said chamber is round when surrounding the circumference line of the bag.
 8. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 2 wherein said cavity is connected to a cannula which passes through the bag and the traction handle to finally get connected to the pressure generating means.
 9. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 3 wherein said cavity is connected to a cannula which passes through the bag and the traction handle to finally get connected to the pressure generating means.
 10. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 1 wherein the bag provides, in the area where it will contact the cavity walls to be contacted and which contains the element to be extracted, a greater rugosity in order to attain the fastening against the inner wall of the mentioned cavity.
 11. A DEVICE TO EXTRACT ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN A CAVITY according to claim 1 wherein a fine lubricating jel is distributed over the outer surface of the bag.
 12. A device to extract an element contained in a cavity comprising: a bag comprising at least one open end; an outer sheath positioned at or near the open end of the bag such that the sheath overlaps and extends along at least a portion of the surface of the bag and wherein the sheath is configured to slide relative to the portion of the bag that the sheath overlaps; and a means for grasping the element. 